España iya kuthintela ukufuywa kweenkukhu ngaphandle ukusuka nge-10 kaNovemba kwiindawo ezichongwe njengomngcipheko ophezulu kwaye ziphantsi kweliso elibukhali lomkhuhlane weentaka. Isigqibo, esamkelwe nguMphathiswa wezoLimo, ukuLoba kunye noKutya (i-MAPA), siza emva kokunyuka kokuqhambuka kwi-European Union kunye nokuqhambuka okuninzi okufunyenwe kwiifama zelizwe.
Injongo yile ukunciphisa ukudibana kweentaka ezifudukayo kunye neentaka zasekhaya ngexesha lexesha eliphezulu lokujikeleza kwentsholongwane ye-H5N1. UMphathiswa wezoLimo, uLoba kunye noKutya (MAPA) uqaphela ukuba lo myalelo usetyenziswa ngokukhetha, kunye neziganeko eziphezulu kwiindawo iipaseji ezifudukayo njengaye Andalusia, Castile kunye León okanye Catalonia, kunye nesalathiso esicacileyo sokuqinisa ucupho kunye nokhuseleko lwebhayoloji kuwo wonke ummandla.
Luluphi utshintsho kwaye lusebenza phi?
Umyalelo, osebenza kwaye womeleza oko kubonelelwe kwi Oda APA/2442/2006, iyakwalela ukugcina iinkukhu, iiturkeys, amadada okanye amarhanisi ngaphandle kwiindawo ezidweliswe njenge emngciphekweni okanye phantsi kweliso elikhethekileyo ifakwe kwizihlomelo zayo, nakwiifama ze iinkukhu ezizalelayoApho ukuvalwa ngokupheleleyo kungenzeki, ugunyaziwe onobuchule unokugunyazisa ezinye iindlela ezinje amalaphu endlu yeentaka okanye iindawo ezivaliweyo ezithintela ukungena kwezilwanyana zasendle, ngaphandle kokuba ukutya namanzi kubonelelwa ngaphakathi ezindlwini.
UMphathiswa walatha ku ukuthambekela kokubi ngenxa yokwanda kwamva nje kweemeko ezintle kwiintaka zasendle kunye nezasekhaya eYurophu nakwingingqi yethu. Iimephu zomngcipheko zibonisa amathuba aphezulu okujikeleza kwentsholongwane egazini iindawo zomzantsi-ntshona kunye nombindi wepeninsulanangona ucupho luya kunatyiselwa kwilizwe lonke.
Ngaphandle kweendawo ezidwelisiweyo, uluntu luya kufuneka ukomeleza ukucupha okungenziwayo kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko lwendalo kwiifama nakumaziko ezilwanyana. Kwiindawo apho ukufuya kuxhaphakile, njengakwimimandla ethile yoMntla Afrika noSingasiqithi weIberia, imiqathango Baya kusebenzisa kuphela ukuba zibandakanyiwe. kwizihlomelo zomngcipheko, njengoko kumiselwe lulawulo ngalunye.
Umlinganiselo uyathintelwa kwaye wamkelwa phantsi kwe umgaqo wokhuseleko Xa kujongwa ukwehla kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokufuduka kwangaphambili kwasekwindla, izinto ezikhuthaza ukwanda kwentsholongwane phakathi kweentaka.
Amanani kunye nokuvela koqhambuko
Phakathi kwe-1 kaJulayi kunye ne-5 kaNovemba, la matyala alandelayo arekhodwa kwi-EU: Li-139 lokuqhambuka koMkhuhlane weeNtaka eziPhakeme kakhulu (HPAI) kwiinkukhuukongeza kwi 708 kwiintaka zasendle y 33 kwiintaka ezithinjiweyo, ngokwenkqubo yokucupha yaseYurophu (ADIS). Ngelo xesha linye, ISpain ibika ukuqhambuka kwe-14 kwiifama, ecaleni kwe 68 ukufunyanwa kwiintaka zasendle kwixesha le-2025-2026 kwaye 5 kubathinjwa.
Ngamazwe, Alemania Ingqwalasela ikwicorral (59), ilandelwa ngu ePoland (17), Italy (16), Speyin (14) y IFrance (10)Ukususela nge-1 kaJanuwari, ibhalansi yelizwe inyuke ukuya 91 ukuqhambuka kweentaka72 endle, 14 kwifama kunye 5 ekuthinjweni, kunye Li-13 loluntu oluzimeleyo oluchaphazelekayo.
Iinkonzo zezilwanyana zilumkisa ukuba intsholongwane iya kujikeleza le ekwindla. iye yaphuculwangokufunyaniswa kwehlobo ebekungaqhelekanga kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Iingcali zempilo yezilwanyana ezivela kwiCISA-INIA (CSIC) zichaza ukuba, emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwemibini ngaphandle kweemeko ezintle kwizilwanyana zasekhaya, «Ukususela ngoJulayi, ukuqhambuka kwe-14 kuye kwaqinisekiswa. kwiifama," nto leyo ifuna uthintelo oluqinisiweyo.
Kwinqanaba lehlabathi, iliza langoku le-H5N1 ligcina usulelo oluzinzileyo kwizilwanyana zasendle kunye nemikhosi eyahlukeneyo, ezichazwa ziingcali ezithile njenge panzootia ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nenani leentlobo ezibandakanyekayo.
Imilinganiselo eyongezelelweyo kunye nemida
Kunye notshixo, i-MAPA iyakwalela ukukhulisa amadada namarhanisi ecaleni kwezinye iintlobo iifama kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo kunye nokubonelela ngamanzi ukusuka amadama afikelelekayo kwiintaka zasendleIzibonelelo zentlalontle yezilwanyana zangaphandle kufuneka khusela ekungeneni.
Kwakhona kuthintelwe ubukho beenkukhu kunye nabanye abathinjwa kumaziko ogxininiso (imiboniso yemfuyo, imiboniso, imiboniso okanye imibhiyozo yangaphandle), ngaphandle kokuba igunya lommandla likhupha a Uvavanyo lomngcipheko olululoUkusetyenziswa kweentaka zee-odolo nazo zilinganiselwe Anseriformes y IiCharadriiformes njengento yokutsala.
Apho ngaphandle kugunyazisiwe ngenxa yeemeko zemveliso, kufuneka zifakelwe iminatha okanye imiqobo ezithintela ukungena kweentaka zasendle kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba ukutya kunye namanzi Zilawulwa ngaphakathi okanye kwiindawo ezivaliweyo.
Ezi zenzo ziphindaphinda ezo ziphunyezwe kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu -I-Ireland, iFransi kunye ne-United Kingdom- ngokubhekiselele ekufikeni kweentaka ezifudukayo zasebusika kunye nokwanda kweengxelo.
Umngcipheko kubemi kunye nokhuseleko lokutya
El I-ECDC kunye CCAES gcina i Umngcipheko ophantsi kakhulu kubemi ngokubanzi kunye nezantsi / phakathi kwabantu abanokuvela rhoqo (abasebenzi beenkukhu, amaqela ococeko). Ukusetyenziswa kwe INDlebe kunye nogonyo lomkhuhlane lonyaka kubasebenzi abavezwayo ukunciphisa ii-coinfections.
Akukho bungqina bosulelo nge iinkukhu eziphekwe kakuhle, amaqanda okanye iimveliso ezilungisiweyo. Kwiintaka, usulelo olunentsholongwane ye-H5N1 ephezulu luveza incubations iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5ukudakumba, i-anorexia, ukunciphisa imveliso yeqanda, i-edema yobuso kunye ukufa ngequbulisoNgoko ke, kukho ugxininiso ekomelezeni i-biosecurity.
Kukho izitofu zokugonya izilwanyana ukunciphisa ubuqatha yesifo, nangona bengathinteli ngokupheleleyo ukujikeleza kwentsholongwane; amava afana nephulo lamadada eFransi abonisa iziphumo ezilungileyoNgokwemeko yezoqoqosho, ukucocwa kweendawo zokufuya kubandakanye ukubulawa kweentaka ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezibini ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kulo nyaka.
Izinto ezinje ukuqina kwezolimo nemfuyo kunye nokuthotywa kweendawo zokuhlala zendalo kunokuthanda ukutsiba phakathi kweentlobo zezilwanyana kunye nokugcina ukujikeleza kwentsholongwane, kungoko kugxininiswa thintela abafowunelwa kujongano lwezilwanyana zasendle.
Umxholo waseYurophu kunye namanyathelo alandelayo
ISpain ihambelana nayo imiyalelo yokuvalelwa esele isebenza kumazwe angabamelwane kwaye icela uluntu ukuba qinisa ucupho ngexesha lekwindla nasebusika. UMphathiswa ugxininisa ukuba izithintelo zi okwethutyana kunye nokuthintela, kwaye inokulungiswa ngokuhambelana ne-epidemiological evolution kunye neemephu zengozi zengingqi.
Kwiindawo ezingaqukwanga kwizihlomelo, nceda uhlale uphaphile kwaye uxele naziphi na iziganeko. ukufunyaniswa kweentaka zasendle ezigulayo okanye ezifileyo kunye nokuphumeza amanyathelo angqongqo okucoca, ukulawula ukufikelela kunye nokukhusela ukutya kunye namanzi ejongene nezilwanyana zasendle.
- Iifama kunye neendawo zokuhlala: jonga iingcingo, faka inetha kwaye uthintele iintaka zasendle ukuba zingangeni.
- Amanzi nokutya: ukubonelela ngaphakathi okanye phantsi kwekhava; khusela iitanki zangaphandle.
- Iintshukumo kunye nemibonisoDibana nogunyaziwe ofanelekileyo phambi kweendibano okanye udluliselo.
Ukuvalwa kokuzala ngaphandle kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko omkhulu, kudityaniswa nezithintelo zamanzi, imiboniso kunye nokuhlalisana kweentloboIjolise ekuqhawuleni amatyathanga osulelo kwincopho yokusasazeka kwentsholongwane; ngocupho olomeleziweyo kunye i-biosecurity engqongqoIcandelo leenkukhu kunye nabasemagunyeni baqinisekile ukuba banokulubamba uqhambuko ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukhuseleko lokutya.