Ukwazi ezinye iinkcubeko kusinceda siqonde umahluko okhoyo phakathi kwabantu abathile kunye nabanye. Ukufumanisa ezinye iindlela zobomi kunye neenkolelo kunceda ukufumanisa iingcambu zolo luntu kunye nokuqonda ukuziphatha kwalo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, abanye benu bafunda le migca Uvile ngoMachu Pichu kunye nezithixo zamaInca, kodwa awuyazi nzulu imvelaphi yabantu, amasiko abo kunye neentsomi.. Konke oku kukhankanyiweyo, yinto esiza kujongana nayo kolu papasho.
Njengezinye impucuko kwihlabathi jikelele, AmaInca achaza imvelaphi yawo esebenzisa iintsomi. Kukho iintsomi ezimbini ezibalisa imvelaphi yale mpucuko intsha, intsomi kaManco Cápac kunye noMama Ocllo, kunye nentsomi yabazalwana baka-Ayar.
AmaInca, Babekholelwa kakhulu kumandla endalo, iintaba, ilanga, njalo njalo., babekholelwa ukuba zonke ezi zinto ziphuma kumandla. Yiyo loo nto babebanqula bebulela ngexesha lesivuno esihle. Izithixo zamaInca zazihlonelwa ukuze zikhuseleke zize zifumane uncedo.
Imvelaphi yamaInca
I-Inca Empire yayiyenye yezona zikhulu kwilizwekazi laseMelika. Esona sihlalo siphambili yayiseCuzco, ePeru, nangona kamva zasasazeka kwimimandla eyahlukahlukeneyo yeentaba ezisemazantsi eAndean. Olona lwandiso luphezulu lobu bukhosi lweza ngexesha lenkulungwane yeshumi elinesihlanu.
Njengoko besitshilo ekuqaleni, Kukho iintsomi ezimbini ezibalisa ukuqala koBukhosi be-Inca, intsomi kaManco Cápac noMama uOllo, kunye nebali lesibini, lelo labazalwana baka-Ayar.
Intsomi kaManco Cápac kunye noMama Ollo
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Le legend Indian ubalisa ngendlela uthixo weLanga, ebona imvakalelo kunye nemeko yosizi awayephila kuyo amadoda ahlala emhlabeni, wathumela isibini, uManco Cápac noMama uOllo, inkosikazi yakhe.
Esi sibini sasinayo umsebenzi wokuphucula umhlaba kwaye wafumana ubukhosi bokunqula ilanga. Bobabini baphuma emanzini aseTiticaca, behamba kunye nentonga yegolide, eyayiza kucwila kuloo ndawo apho ubukhosi bufanele busekelwe khona.
Bahlukana, waya entla, yena wenjenjeya ukuya emazantsi entili. Bobabini babezigqala njengabangcwele, babetsala abalandeli endleleni yakho. Emva kokuhamba iindawo ezininzi, intonga yatshona eHuanacauri, indawo abagqiba kuyo ukuba imvelaphi yamaInca yaqala.
Ibali labazalwana bakwa-Ayar
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Ngokwale ntsomi, i UThixo oyiNdlalifa yehlabathi, wathumela abona nyana banamandla ngenjongo yokufumana imihlaba echumileyo ukuze kulinywe enye yezona zinto zixabisekileyo, umbona. Olo thumo lwalunenjongo yokwabelana ngaloo mveliso namadoda ahlala emhlabeni.
Emva kweziganeko ezininzi eziyingozi kunye nokulahlekelwa kwindlela yabazalwana bakhe, ekugqibeleni UAyar Manco, kunye nabafazi abane, bafumana umhlaba ochumileyo ekufikeni kwabo eCuzco, apho wayitshonisa khona intonga ukuze ayibonise. Kwakuloo ndawo inye, kwenziwa isigqibo sokuba kufunwe isixeko sokuzukisa uthixo weLanga nothixo uHuiracocha.
Imvelaphi yezembali
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Uninzi lwedatha yembali kunye neyokudala yexesha ukongeza kuphando, zezo ezo bonisa ukuba ukuhlala kwesixeko saseCuzco kwakungenxa yokufuduka kweTaypicala, ngenxa yengxaki emandla ababejongene nayo. Ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, bakwazi ukwandisa kwaye babefunxa ezinye impucuko kwaye benza izivumelwano ezintsha.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala kolu lwando, AmaInca asala nemimandla yamaChanca ngenxa yeemfazwe nempembelelo yonqulo nomanyano lwempucuko engabamelwane.. Ngokwengxelo yembali, phakathi kweminyaka yowe-1479 nowe-1535, uBukhosi bamaInca boyisa imimandla ethile yaseArgentina, njengale; ISan Juan, iLa Rioja, iJujuy, iTucumán, iCatamarca, iSalta kunye nomntla-mpuma weMendoza.
Ngowe-1532, kwidabi laseCajamarca, amaInca ahlaselwa yimikhosi yaseSpeyin. Ngezihlandlo ezininzi ezingazange ziphumelele, uPizarro wayeqalise ukuhlaselwa kwi-Inca empire, esebenzisa imeko yemfazwe eyayikho phakathi komlawuli uAtahualpa kunye nomntakwabo. Isandla sibambene kunye namaInca, i U-Emperor Atahualpa wabanjwa kwidabi elikhankanywe ngasentla kwaye emva koko wabulawa.
Inca uluntu
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Uluntu lwe-Inca lumelwe yiphiramidi ebonisa isakhiwo sentlalo yale mpucuko ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwe-Inca Empire. Olu luntu lubonisa ubume boluhlu olusekelwe kulwahlulo lwamafa.
Kulo Inxalenye ephezulu yephiramidi, irhuluneli ibekwe, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Inca. Inqanaba elilandelayo liza kuba lelonyana wakhe, iAuqui, emva koko izalamane zakhe. Amanqanaba amabini anxulunyaniswa nezidwangube, elinye lawo ligazi kwaye elilandelayo linamanani enkolo afana nababingeleli.
Apha ngezantsi kuya kuba linqanaba labantu, labemi, lilandelwa ngabaphathi bamakoloniyali bemimandla emitsha kunye nabo banoxanduva lokudlulisela inkcubeko kubantu aboyisiweyo, kwaye Okokugqibela kodwa kungancinci kuya kuba bonke abemi abakwimeko yobukhoboka.
Iinkolelo zamaInca
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Impucuko yabantu baseInca yayinjalo unqulo kwaye iinkolelo zakhe zazigxile kwiziganeko ezinento yokwenza nobomi bakhe bemihla ngemihla. Oothixo ababenqulwa babephuma emazulwini nasemhlabeni. Ngamnye wabo wayenomsebenzi othile ebomini babemi.
Uninzi lwazo oothixo abalandelwa yile nkcubeko, yayizizinto ezingaphiliyo okanye izakhi zendalo njengeentaba, imvula, ngokuqinisekileyo ilanga, izityalo, njl. Akunjalo kuphela, kodwa oothixo abakwimo yezilwanyana nabo banqulwa. Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngenkolo yama-Inca, unokujonga inqaku elithi unqulo lwaseYiputa ekwaquka imixholo yeembono zehlabathi zamandulo.
Akunjalo kuphela, kwimpucuko ye-Inca, iintsomi okanye iintsomi ezinxulumene nokudalwa kwehlabathi kunye nomntu zanikwa ukubaluleka okukhethekileyo, kodwa oku kwenzeka kwiimpucuko ezininzi zamandulo. La mabali adluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.
Izithixo eziphambili ze-Inca
Kweli candelo, siza kukhankanya oothixo be-Inca abaphambili kunye nezona mpawu zabo. Baye bahambelana kakhulu nebali lakhe ngoko hlala ubukele.
Viracocha, uThixo weNdalo
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Ngokutsho kweentsomi zamaInca, lo thixo wayengoyena ubalulekileyo ekubeni wayengumdali wamazulu, umhlaba, ulwandle, inyanga neenkwenkwezi, uthixo wendalo. Iintsomi zithi lo thixo waphuma kumanzi aseTiticaca ukuze abelane ngegunya nobulumko bakhe nehlabathi.
Wanika ubomi kwimpucuko yokuqala eyayihlala eTiticaca. Kuthiwa lo thixo wavuthela phezu kwamatye athile waza ngaloo ndlela wavelisa le mpucuko. Yiloo nto ke babizwa ngokuba ngamadoda angenangqondo, yaye uthixo akazange awathande, ngoko wabagqiba ngokuthumela unogumbe. Ukususela kumatye amancinci aseleyo, wadala impucuko engcono kwakhona. Ukuqonda ngcono la mabali, kucetyiswa ukuba ufunde malunga ne iintsomi zecosmogonic enika imbono ebanzi yala mabali.
lo thixo, inyamalala kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki kwaye ayiphindi ibonwe. Ayinammelo ngqo, kodwa inikwe i-abstract form.
Inti, Thixo weLanga
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Unyana kaThixo Viracocha, UInti, wayengomnye woyena thixo ubalulekileyo kunqulo lwakhe. Enye yezona zinto zihlonitshwayo, ngokunceda amadoda ukuba afunde ubuchule bezolimo, inkolo, intlangano yentlalontle kunye neenkcukacha zempahla.
kulo thixo, Umelwe yi-ellipse shape, eyenziwe ngegolide kwaye apho imisebe inokuvela njengomqondiso wamandla akhe.. Inyanga yayimile okwecwecwe elisiliva. Imisitho emininzi yokunqulwa kwelanga yayiqhutywa ukuze kuboniswe umbulelo ngokukhanya nobushushu bemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, njengokulima. Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga ne intlangano yentlalo yesiNahuatl, into efanayo inokubonwa ekubalulekeni kwezithixo zabo.
Pacha Mama, uMama woMhlaba
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Lo thixo wanikela ukhuseleko, intabalala nempumelelo kwizityalo.. Wayenoxanduva ngayo yonke into eyayiphila emhlabeni. Esinye sezithethe zempucuko yamaInca yayikukunikela ngamagqabi e<em>coca kulo thixokazi ukubonisa umbulelo wabo nokuphumeza imveliso entle.
Ngalo lonke ixesha izenzo ezigwenxa zisenziwa, ezifana nokungagcini ucwangco kwizityalo, kwakukholelwa ukuba uthixokazi wabangela iinyikima njengemiqondiso yokungabi nantlonelo.
UMama uQuilla, uThixokazi weNyanga
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Ithathwa njengothixokazi wenyanga nokuchuma. Uthumo lwalo thixokazi yayikukuchasa amandla elanga, amandla obudoda. Abafazi bempucuko, baye kulo thixokazi ukuya kucela ukukhuselwa ngexesha lokukhula kobomi babo.
Ukongeza kula mandla okukhusela kwabasetyhini, Ukwagqalwa njengomkhuseli wezifungo zomtshato. kunye namandla okuzala.
UMama uCocha, uThixokazi waManzi
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Uthixokazi wamanzi kunye nomkhuseli wabalobi kunye noolwandle. Kwakufuneka kuqinisekiswe ubukho beentlanzi elwandle ukuze kondliwe abantu. Wayenamandla okuthintela izaqhwithi nokuzolisa amanzi.
Ilyapa, uThixo weMozulu
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Inoxanduva lweziganeko zemeteorological, ezathi impucuko ye-Inca yahlupheka. Ifanekiselwa ngumfanekiso wendoda enengqayi yamanzi, kunye nesilingi. Ezi zilingi zaziphoswa kwingqayi, ngaloo ndlela zilawula imozulu, ingakumbi izaqhwithi.
Apu, Thixo weentaba
Kubantu baseInca, intaba nganye ebalulekileyo kubo yayinomoya wayo, kunye namatye okanye imiqolomba. Ukuze babanqule baze babanike igunya, iidolophu zazibingelela kuzo.
Aba thixo basezintabeni. kwakufuneka bakhusele imimandla, ebanyamekela abemi balo, amasimi neenkomo zabo.
Onke amabali ajikeleze intsomi kunye nemvelaphi ye-Inca anomdla kakhulu kwaye unokufunda lukhulu kuwo. Yimpucuko ebangel’ umdla, kungekuphela nje ngenxa yembali yayo kodwa nangenxa yeenkolelo nezithethe zayo.
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, i-Machu Pichu lelinye lawona malungelo makhulu ashiywe yi-Inca Empire. Olu lwakhiwo lukhethekileyo lungenxa ye-Emperor Pachacútec, owayalela ukuba yakhiwe njengendawo yokuphumla ngokomoya kwizihandiba eziphezulu.
