Kweli nqaku linomdla uya kuba nakho ukwazi Ngubani uMartin Luther King?, indoda eyalilwelayo iphupha layo, bade bathatha ubomi bayo. Yimangaliswe bubomi balo mfundisi wetshantliziyo, Ukungena apha ngoku!
Wayengubani uMartin Luther King?
UMartin Luther King wayengumlungiseleli kunye nomfundisi we-American Baptist Church, owaziwayo ngokusebenza kwakhe ixesha elide njengomlindi kunye nenkokheli yombutho wamalungelo oluntu kubantu baseAfrika eNyakatho Melika. Ndikwathatha inxaxheba nakweminye imizabalazo yoluntu neyasekuhlaleni enje:
- Umbutho wabasebenzi eMelika.
- Intshukumo yokungabi nabundlobongela eMelika.
- Umbutho wamaLungelo oLuntu eMelika.
- Inani elikhulu lokuqhankqalaza ngokuchasene neMfazwe yaseVietnam kunye nokulwa nentlupheko ngokubanzi eMntla Melika.
Ukususela ebusheni bakhe, uMartin Luther King wayengumkhuseli omkhulu wamalungelo oluntu eMntla Merika. Ukufaka ibango ngokuhamba ngenzondelelo amalungelo aphambili abemi baseMelika, anje ngala: Ilungelo lokuvota kwaye ungacalulwa phakathi koluntu.
Iziganeko eziKhunjulwayo kwiNzululwazi yeMbali yaseNyakatho Melika
Xa ubuzwa ukuba ngubani uMartin Luther King?, Kuyimfuneko ukukhumbula ezona zenzo zakhe zingalibalekiyo embalini. Phakathi kwazo kunokukhankanywa oku kulandelayo:
- Ukuthatha inxaxheba kugwayimbo lwebhasi eMontgomery ngo-1955Le yayiyinkqubo yoqhankqalazo eyenzeka ngo-1955 kwidolophu yaseMontgomery, kwiLizwe laseAlabama. Eyabekwa kwimigaqo-nkqubo yocalucalulo ngokobuhlanga kwinkqubo yothutho lukawonkewonke.
- Xhasa ukusekwa kweNkomfa yeNkokeli yobuKrestu yamaZantsi ngo-1957: Okanye i-SCLC isifinyezo sayo ngesiNgesi. UMartin Luther King waba ngumongameli wokuqala waleNkomfa.
- INkokeli ngoMatshi eWashington kumlo wezabaSebenzi neNkululeko, nge-28 ka-Agasti, 1963: Kolu hambo ludumileyo, uMartin Luther King ekupheleni koqhanqalazo uhambisa intetho yakhe esele ivunyiwe -Ndinephupha- okanye- ndiphuphe-.
Ukusuka kulomngcelele, ingcinga yoluntu malunga nokuhamba kwamalungelo oluntu yasasazeka kwi-United States iphela. Kwelakhe icala, u-King wakwazi ukuzidibanisa njengesinye sezona zithethi zibalaseleyo kwimbali yaseMelika, umatshi wawuza kuba nomvuzo wawo ngenxa yokupapashwa kwemimiselo:
- Umthetho wamaLungelo oLuntu ka-1964.
- Nomthetho wamaLungelo okuVota ka-1965.
Apho uninzi lwamabango ayenzelwe amalungelo oluntu afezekisiwe. Umsebenzi kwidabi lokuphelisa ucalucalulo ngokobuhlanga kunye nezenzo zobundlobongela; Yayifumana uKumkani ulwahlulo lokufumana umvuzo we-Nobel Peace Prize ngo-1964.
Ixhoba lokubulawa kwimbali yenkulungwane yama-XNUMX
Ngo-Epreli 4, 1968, kwabulawa uMartin Luther King, ethathwa njengenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Ukubulawa kwakhe kwenzeka xa inkokheli yomzabalazo yayiyalele umlo wakhe wokuchasa iMfazwe yaseVietnam, kunye nokulwa indlala kwilizwe lakhe.
UMartin Luther King usweleke njengexhoba ngompu, kwisixeko saseMemphis, kwiLizwe laseTennessee, eneminyaka engama-39. Ngaloo mini ngo-Epreli, uKing wayelungiselela ukuphuma aye kwisidlo sangokuhlwa kunye nabahlobo.
Wayengubani uMartin Luther King? Ngokunikwe apha ngasentla, kunokuthiwa lo mntu umnyama kwenzeka ukuba athathe indawo kwimbali yanamhlanje yaseMelika. Yaziwa njengenye yeenkokheli zayo eziphambili kunye namaqhawe kumlo wokulwa nobundlobongela.
Owayesakuba nguMongameli waseMelika uJimmy Carter wanikwa ngo-2004 kwaye emva koko wasweleka uMartin Luther King.
Umhla we-15 kuJanuwari umiselwa njengoMartin Luther King Jr. Day, eUnited States ukusukela ngo-1986.
Wayengubani uMartin Luther King? -Ibhayiloji yakhe
UMartin Luther King Junior wazalwa ngoJanuwari 15, 1929 kwisixeko saseMntla Melika iAtlanta kwi-Georgia. Abazali bakhe uMartin Luther King kunye no-Alberta Williams King banika inkwenkwe igama elithi Michael King Junior.
Utata wakhe uMartin Luther King wayengumfundisi weCawa yaseBhaptizi kwaye umama wakhe wayengumlobi wenkonzo. Bobabini utata kunye nonyana baqala ukubizwa ngokuba nguMichael, kodwa, emva kohambo losapho oluya eJamani ngo-1934, batshintsha amagama abo aba nguMartin Luther.
Ukutshintshwa kwegama kwakungenxa yokuba uyise wagqiba ekubeni ayenze ngokuhlonipha umlinganiswa oyintloko wohlaziyo lwamaProtestanti, uMartin Luther. Ukwamkela bobabini, uyise nonyana, igama lomguquleli waseJamani ngolwimi lwesiNgesi, oko kukuthi, uMartin Luther.
Siyakumema ukuba ufake ikhonkco elilandelayo ukuze ufunde malunga Uhlaziyo lwamaProtestanti: Yintoni? oonobangela, abalinganiswa abaphambili. Kweli nqaku unokufumana ulwazi olunomdla malunga nokuhamba kweembono okuchume ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX eYurophu, kunye nokufumanisa ukuba ngoobani abaphambili kubo.
Omnye waba baphambili yayingumhlaziyi waseJamani onokuhlangana naye ngokufaka inqaku: UMartin Luther: Ubomi, umsebenzi, imibhalo, ilifa, ukufa kunye nokunye. Apho uyakufunda ngobomi kunye nomsebenzi wendoda eyabongoza icawe yamaKrestu ukuba iphinde iqale kwakhona iimfundiso zayo zokuqala, iphawula isiganeko esibalulekileyo kwimbali yokushiya ilifa njengelona likhuthazayo loHlaziyo lobuProtestanti.
Iminyaka yokuqala, ubuntwana
Ukubuyela kwibhayiloji kaMartin Luther King Junior, kunokuthiwa wayengowesibini kubantakwabo abathathu. Omdala yayingudade wabo uChristine King Farris, kwaye umninawa omncinci nguAlfred Daniel Williams King.
Kwiminyaka emithandathu, ngexa wayesengumntwana, kwafuneka aphile amava obundlobongela ngokuchasene naye. Kwaye kukuba abantwana ababini abamhlophe abamaziyo, bamala ngokungamvumeli ukuba adlale nabo.
Xa wayeneminyaka emihlanu ngo-1934 wayeka ukuzibiza ngokuba nguMichael ukuba amkele igama awayaziwa ngalo kwixa elizayo, uMartin Luther King, ekhumbula uMartin Luther. Kwi-1939, icawe yaseBhaptizi apho wayehlanganisene khona yadlala ifilimu i-Gone with the Wind, uMartín omncinci ucula kwikwayara yale ntetho.
Izifundo zakhe
UMartin Luther King Junior wagqiba izifundo zakhe ezisisiseko kwiBooker T. Washington High School eAtlanta. Ukushiya ibanga lesithoba kunye neleshumi elinesibini okanye unyaka, ukuze angafumani isidanga samabanga aphakamileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngo-1944 eneminyaka eyi-15, wangena kwiKholeji yaseMorehouse ebekwe eAtlanta, eGeorgia. Le yunivesithi yabucala, eyayidalelwe kuphela abantu base-Afrika nabamaMelika.
Ukusuka kwiYunivesithi yaseMorehouse College, waphumelela izifundo zezeNtlalontle wenza isidanga seBachelor of Arts ngo-1948. Emva kwexesha, wangena eCrozer Theological Seminary, eyayiseChester, ePennsylvania.
Ngomhla ka-Juni 12, 1951, uKing seminari waphumelela isidanga kwezakwalizwi. Ngo-Septemba wonyaka ofanayo, uMartin Luther King Junior wabhalisela iYunivesithi yaseBoston ukuba enze izifundo zobugqirha kwinkqubo yezenkolo. NgoJuni 5, 1955, uKumkani waphumelela njengoGqirha weFilosofi
Umtshato nabantwana
UMartin Luther King Jr., watshata noCoretta Scott ngoJuni 18, 1953. Umsitho womtshato wenzeka kwigadi yekhaya laseScotland, ebekwe kuluntu lwaseHeiberger ePerry County, Alabama.
UKumkani wadibana nomfazi wakhe uCoretta xa wayefunda kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kwiYunivesithi yaseBoston. UCoretta Scott King (1927 - 2006) wafunda umculo kwaye wayengumqambi. Nangona owona msebenzi wakhe uphambili yayikukuba ngumzabalazo ophambili, njengomyeni wakhe, wamalungelo oluntu.
UCoretta wayengummeli ongakhathaliyo wolingano lwabantu base-Afrika baseMelika ngeminyaka yoo-60. Nokuba umculo wakhe wawubandakanyiwe kwiminyhadala awayeyenzela amalungelo oluntu.
Ukusuka kwisibini esitshatileyo uKing Scott, abantwana abane bazalwa, amantombazana amabini kunye namakhwenkwe amabini, oko kukuthi kunye noluhlu lokuzalwa:
- U-Yolanda Denise King (ngo-1955 ukuya ku-2007), wayelitshantliziyo laseMelika kunye nomlingisi.
- UMartin Luther King III (nge-23 ka-Okthobha u-1957), walandela ekhondweni likayise njengomkhuseli wamalungelo oluntu, kunye nokuba ngumzabalazo woluntu e-United States.
- UDexter Scott King (nge-30 kaJanuwari ngo-1961), naye owayelilwela amalungelo abantu baseMelika.
- UBernice Albertine King (nge-28 kaMatshi ngo-1963), ngoku ngu-Mphathiswa we-Ebenezer Baptist Church kunye noMlawuli oyiNtloko (i-CEO) ye-King Centre.
Wayengubani uMartin Luther King? - Umphathiswa kunye nomzabalazo
UMartin Luther King Jr., esele enesidanga kwezakwalizwi, umiselwe njengoMfundisi kunye noMphathiswa weCawa yaseBhaptizi yaseDexter Avenue, eMontgomery, eAlabama, eneminyaka engama-25 kuphela ubudala.
UKumkani waqala ubulungiseleli bakhe ngexesha apho kumazantsi elizwe lakhe kwakunezenzo zobundlobongela ngenxa yocalucalulo lobuhlanga lwabantsundu. Ubuhlanga obunobundlobongela, kangangokuba kwakhokelela ekufeni kwabantu abathathu abamnyama baseMelika ngo-1955:
- Umlweli wamalungelo oluntu kunye no-Lamar Smith.
- Inkwenkwana eneminyaka eli-14 ubudala egama linguEmmett Till.
- Umfundisi kunye netshantliziyo uGeorge W. Lee.
Lo msitho wobuhlanga kunye nezinye ezenzekileyo zihlala zisebenzisa ubundlobongela kubantakwabo abamnyama. Bamkhuthaza uMartín ekulweni kwakhe njengomlweli wamalungelo oluntu.
UKumkani ubanjwe ngenxa yobundlobongela
UMartin Luther King wakhokela ukuqhankqalaza ngokuchasene nomgaqo webhasi eMontgomery ngo-1955. Kule ntshukumo uKumkani wayehamba noMfundisi uRalph Abernathy kunye no-Edgar Nixon, umlawuli wengingqi woMbutho weSizwe woPhuculo lwaBantu abaBala.
Isizathu sokukaba kungenxa yokuba ngoDisemba 1, 1955, umfazi wase-Afrika-waseMelika ogama linguRosa Parks, wabanjwa ebhasini. Ulwaphulo-mthetho lukaRosa aluzange lukhuphuke esihlalweni sakhe ebhasini ukuba indoda emhlophe ihlale, ngaloo ndlela iphula umthetho wokwahlula uMontgomery.
Umboniso wenkcaso ngokuchasene nenkqubo yezothutho zikawonke-wonke yaseMontgomery, yaqhubeka kangangeentsuku ezingama-382, kwaye uMartin Luther King wagqiba ukubanjwa. Zonke ezo ntsuku zazinengxwabangxwaba esixekweni.
Kungenxa yokuba abantu abamhlophe abahlukanisayo babesenza ubundlobongela kunye nezenzo zobunqolobi, ukuze bafezekise uloyiko lwabantsundu. Izenzo zobunqolobi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, uhlaselo lwangoJanuwari 30, 1956 ngeebhombu ezitshisayo ezichasene:
- Ikhaya losapho lukaKumkani.
- Indlu kaRalph Abernathy.
- Izihlalo zeecawe ezine.
Ukupheliswa kolo hlaselo kweza ngoNovemba 13, 1956, ngesigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseNyakatho Melika. Eyabhengeza umgaqo-nkqubo wokwahlulwa kwabantu baseMontgomery ngokungekho mthethweni, nowathi wanyanzeliswa kwinkqubo yothutho lukawonkewonke yeebhasi, iivenkile zokutyela, izikolo nezinye iindawo zikawonke-wonke.
King ekusekweni kwe-SCLC
UMartin Luther King ngo-1957 waxhasa ukusekwa kweNkomfa yeNkokeli yamaZantsi yamaKrestu okanye i-SCLC ngegama layo lesiNgesi. Nguwuphi umbutho woxolo kwaye nguKumkani oya kuba ngumongameli wokuqala.
Isikhundla awayesibambe ukusukela nge-10 kaJanuwari, 1957 kude kube ngumhla wokubulawa kwakhe ngo-Epreli 4, 1968. Lo mbutho wenziwa ngenjongo yokuququzelela zonke iicawe zase-Afro-American, ukuze ixhase intshukumo yoqhankqalazo ngoxolo lwamalungelo oluntu.
King kwimiboniso okanye uqhanqalazo oluxhaswe yiNkomfa yeNkokeli yamaZantsi yamaKrestu, yamkela ifilosofi yokungathobeli eluntwini. Ichazwe ngumbhali waseMelika, imbongi kunye nefilosofi, uHenry David Thoreau kunye nalowo uGandhi waye wasebenzisa ngempumelelo eIndiya.
Ukuncamathiselwa kukaKumkani kukungathobeli eluntwini kuza emva kokufumana iingcebiso kumlweli wamalungelo oluntu uBayard Rustin.
Umbhali wencwadi "Indlela eya enkululekweni; Ibali likaMontgomery ”
Ngo-1958, uMartin Luther King wabhala incwadi ethi “Indlela eya Enkululekweni; Imbali yeMontgomery ”. Emva kwexesha kwaye ngenxa yenzondo eveliswe kukupapashwa kwencwadi yakhe, uKing uveza umbono wakhe kumba wobandlululo ngokobuhlanga kunye nokukhupha ukungalingani, esithi:
“Amadoda adla ngokuthiyana ngenxa yokuba esoyika omnye nomnye; boyika kuba bengazani; abazani kuba abakwazi ukunxibelelana; Abakwazi ukunxibelelana kuba bohlukene.
Kwisiganeko sakhe sokusayina incwadi kwivenkile yeencwadi yaseHarlem ngoSeptemba 20, 1958, uKumkani walimala ngommese wephepha. Unobangela wokungxwelerhwa kwakhe ngumfazi omnyama ogama linguIzola Curry, owamhlasela kuba wayemthatha njengenkokeli yobukomanisi.
Ekugqibeleni, u-Izola wagwetywa njengowesifazane onengxaki yengqondo kwaye uKumkani wasindiswa ngokungummangaliso ekufeni, njengoko imela yayidla i-aorta. UKumkani njengendoda ekholwayo kaThixo wamxolela umhlaseli wakhe kwaye wasebenzisa eso siganeko njengobungqina njengokugxeka ukunganyamezelani kunye nobundlobongela obukhoyo kwilizwe lakhe, esithi:
"Into ebangela la mava ayonzakali emntwini. Ibonisa imeko yentiyo nobukrakra egcwele ilizwe lethu kangangokuba olu dubulo lobundlongondlongo kufuneka luvele ngokuqinisekileyo. Namhlanje ndinguye. Ngomso inokuba yenye inkokeli okanye nokuba ngubani, indoda, umfazi okanye umntwana, olixhoba lesiphithiphithi kunye nenkohlakalo. Ndiyathemba ukuba la mava aphela eyakha ngokwentlalo, ebonisa isidingo esingxamisekileyo sokungabikho kobundlobongela ukulawula imicimbi yamadoda.
Kunyaka kamva, uKing ubhala kwaye apapashe incwadi: Umlinganiso woMntu. Apho ichaza ukuba kufanelekile ukuba yeyiphi kwezopolitiko, ezentlalo nezoqoqosho kwezentlalo.
Ukusasazwa kweendaba malunga noKumkani kunye neengxabano zobuhlanga
U-King wayeyazi ukuba imiboniso yoxolo ayikhuthazayo ngendlela ehleliweyo iya kutsala umdla wamajelo eendaba. Kwaye ebengaphazami, uqhankqalazo loxolo oluchasene nomgaqo-nkqubo wokucalucalulwa kumazantsi eli lizwe kunye nomlo wokulingana, kunye nelungelo lokuvota kwabantu abamnyama, kungekudala liza kubakho usasazo lweendaba.
Inkcazo ebonise umhlaba ubungakanani bengxabano eMelika. Iintatheli kunye nabacholacholi beendaba, ngakumbi abo bakumabonwakude, babonise ukuthotywa kunye nokuswela abahlali bebala elihlala behlupheka kumazantsi eli lizwe.
Ngendlela efanayo, bachaza kusasazo lwabo kunye neengxelo zeendaba, uxinzelelo kunye nobundlobongela. Abaphembeleli kunye neenkokheli eziqhankqalazayo zamalungelo oluntu babengamaxhoba, ukusuka kwinxalenye yabemi abaxhasa ucalucalulo.
Konke oku kugqitywa ngamajelo eendaba, kukhokelele ekuzalweni kokuthontelana kwabantu abanovelwano ngaphakathi kuluvo loluntu, bexhasa imikhosi yokulwa ucalucalulo. Ukubeka ungquzulwano njengowona mbambano ubalulekileyo kwezopolitiko e-United States kwiminyaka engamashumi amathandathu.
UKumkani kunye neNkomfa yeNkokeli yamaKhristu esemaZantsi basebenzise ngempumelelo iindlela ezisisiseko zokucinga ngokungathobeli eluntwini. Ngokukhetha ngobuchule iisayithi kunye nenkqubo yoqhanqalazo, ukufikelela ngempumelelo ekujonganeni nabaphathi bocalulo.
Imiboniso ngokuchasene nongquzulwano lobuhlanga, ayikhange kuphela itsale ingqalelo yamajelo eendaba. Kodwa ukusukela ngo-1961, i-FBI yaqala ukubeka esweni uMartin Luther King.
Kuba bekukho isikhalazo sokuba ubukomanisi bufuna ukuthatha ithuba lomlo wobuhlanga. Ukufuna ukungena ekuhambeni komzabalazo wamalungelo oluntu eMntla Melika.
Nangona i-FBI ingakhange ifumane bungqina nxamnye noKumkani, isazama ukwenza into yokuba imsuse ekongamele umboniso.
UKumkani kunye ne-FBI
Ngo-1961 i-United States Attorney General uRobert (Bobby) Francis Kennedy, wakhupha umyalelo obhaliweyo kuMlawuli we-FBI, uJ. Edgar Hoover. Ngomyalelo woMtshutshisi, i-FBI iqala uphando kunye nokujonga uMartin Luther King, kunye neNkomfa yeNkokeli yamaZantsi yamaKrestu.
Kunyaka wokuqala uphando aluzange luveze nantoni na efanelekileyo. Kuphela ngo-1962 xa i-FBI yafumanisa ukuba uStanley Levinson, umcebisi osondele kakhulu kuKumkani, wayenobudlelwane neQela lamaKomanisi e-United States.
I-FBI ihambisa olu lwazi kwiGqwetha Jikelele kunye noMongameli John F. Kennedy. La magunya azama ukukholisa uKumkani ukuba aphume kwi-Levison, kodwa akazange aphumelele.
Ukusukela oko uKumkani wanyanzelisa ukuba angabinabudlelwane nabakomanisi kweli. Ekuphenduleni, uMlawuli we-FBI wamtyhola esithi u-King wayengoyena mntu ulixoki kweli lizwe.
Kwelakhe icala, umcebisi kaKing, uStanley Levinson wazikhusela esithi ubudlelwane bakhe namakhomanisi babungobungcali kuba wayeligqwetha. Kungoko ukwala iingxelo ze-FBI ngokuchasene naye, ezazibonisa ukuba unxulumana nabo kwinqanaba lomntu.
I-FBI inyanzelisa uKumkani odelelayo
Njengoko i-FBI yayingenakuqinisekisa nantoni na ngokuchasene noKumkani malunga nezopolitiko zakhe. Uphando lwaphambukiswa emva koko, ngoku kugxile kubomi babucala bukaKumkani.
Ngaphandle kokufumana nantoni na ehambelana nayo, i-FBI ithathe isigqibo sokushiya uphando kubomi babucala bukaKumkani kwaye ibalathise iye kwi-SCLC, kunye nentshukumo yaMnyama. Ngokungena ngaphakathi kwiiarhente ze-FBI ngaphakathi kubunkokheli be-SCLC, bakwazile ukwenza umboniso eMemphis ngo-Matshi 1968 ukuphuma kolawulo, kukhokelela kugonyamelo.
UMlawuli uHoover wayexhomekeke koku ukuze abuyise umkhankaso wokuhlazisa ngokuchasene nenkokheli yomzabalazo uKing. Ngo-Epreli 2, 1968, i-FBI yaziwa ukuba iphinde yaqala ukubuyela emva koKumkani.
I-FBI kaRhulumente waseMississippi ngomhla we-4 ku-Epreli icebisa ngokuhlazisa uKumkani phambi kwabantakwabo abamnyama, ukuze bangamxhasi. Ngaloo mini uKumkani wabulawa kwaye i-FBI yagcina unxibelelwano noKumkani ukuze amgcine phantsi kweliso lonke ixesha.
Ke abokuqala ukufika kule ndawo xa uKumkani wadutyulwa yayingamagosa e-FBI, awabanika uncedo lokuqala. Abaxhasi benkolelo yokufa kukaKumkani ngamaqhinga ezopolitiko bathembela kubukho be-FBI kufutshane kakhulu nolwaphulo-mthetho ukuze baqinisekise ithiyori kunye nokuzibandakanya kwearhente ekubulaweni.
Wayengubani uMartin Luther King? Kwakutheni ukuze abulawe?
UMartin Luther King njengetshantliziyo elalilwela amalungelo abantu base-Afrika nabaseMelika, waya eMemphis e-State of Tennessee ekupheleni kwenyanga yoKwindla ngo-1968. unyango olungcono, ukulingana kunye nomvuzo, ukusuka ngomhla we-12.
Uqhankqalazo olwalukhula ngoxolo ngesiquphe lwaphumela kwizenzo ezinobundlobongela, nezakhokelela ekuswelekeni komntu omnyama omnyama. UMartin Luther King ngo-Epreli 3, 1968 kwitempile yaseMason yeCawe kaThixo kuKristu wenza intetho apho avakalisa khona:
Ndiye encotsheni yentaba. Ayibalulekanga ngokwenene eyenzekayo ngoku. Abanye baqalisile ukuthetha ngezisongelo. Yintoni enokwenzeka kum kumnye wabazalwana bethu abamhlophe ababi?
Njengabanye abantu, ndingathanda ukuphila ixesha elide. Ubomi obude bubalulekile, kodwa yinto endingayikhathalelanga ngoku. Ndifuna nje ukuzalisekisa intando kaThixo. Kwaye undigunyazise ukuba ndinyuke intaba! Kwaye ndilaqazile ngeenxa zonke kum kwaye ndilibonile ilizwe ledinga. Andinakuhamba nawe apho. Kodwa ndifuna nazi ngobubusuku ukuba siyakufika njengabantu kwilizwe ledinga. Kwaye ndonwabe kakhulu ngobu busuku. Andinaloyiko. Andoyiki ndoda. Amehlo am abubonile ubuqaqawuli bokufika kweNkosi.
Ngomhla emva kwale ntetho ngo-6: 01 ntambama, uKumkani ubulawa ngumntu omhlophe onobuhlanga, kwibhalkoni yeLorraine Motel eMemphis, eTennessee. Umbulali yayinguJames Earl Ray, owathi, emva kwefestile yegumbi lokuhlambela ejonge ibalkoni ye-motel apho uKumkani wayekhona, wakwazi ukumdubula.
Umngcwabo
Umngcwabo kaMartin Luther King wawunabantu abaninzi ababekhona, bekhona malunga nama-300 amawaka abantu. Phakathi kwazo kukho uncedo lukaSekela Mongameli welizwe uHubert Humphrey, omele urhulumente waseMelika.
Ukubulawa kukaKumkani kwabangela izidubedube ezahlukeneyo kunye nemiboniso yoluntu kwizixeko ezingaphezu kwekhulu kwilizwe liphela, nezikhokelela kumaxhoba angama-100.
Kwelakhe icala, kumsitho womngcwabo, umhlolokazi uthathe isigqibo sokuba intetho yokuvalelisa kumyeni wakhe iza kuziswa nguMartin Luther King ngokwakhe. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuphinda ashumayele njengomfundisi kwi-Ebenezer Baptist Church.
Kwintshumayelo ebizwa ngokuba yiDrum Major, uMartin Luther King wacela ukuba umngcwabo wakhe ungadunyiswa, kodwa kusithiwa wayehlala efuna ukukhonza abasweleyo. Emva kwexesha, uMahalia Jackson, umhlobo kaKumkani, wavuma ingoma yakhe ayithandayo: "Thatha isandla sam, Nkosi exabisekileyo."
Uphando emva kokubhubha kukaKumkani
NgoJuni ngo-1968, umntu owayebulala uMartin Luther King, uJames Earl Ray, wabanjwa kwisikhululo senqwelomoya saseLondon Heathrow. URay wayezama ukukhwela inqwelomoya kunye nepasipoti eyinyani yaseCanada ngegama likaRamón G. Sneyd.
Uye wathunyelwa eTennessee emva koko waziswa kwityala lokufa kukaMartin Luther King. U-Ray ucebise ngegqwetha lakhe ukuba uyasiphepha isigwebo sentambo, ugwetywe iminyaka engama-99 entolongweni, emva koku:
- URay uyavuma ukuba oyena nobani yindoda egama linguRaoul kunye nomntakwabo uJohnny, awadibana naye eMontreal, Canada. Kwaye wayeliqela nje elinoxanduva engazi.
- Ngo-1997, uDexter nonyana kaKing badibana noRay kwaye bamxhasa ukuze afumane ityala elitsha.
- Emva koko ngo-1998 uRay wasweleka.
- Ngo-1999 usapho lukaKumkani lwaphumelela ityala lokulwa u-Loyd Jowers kunye nabanye abaceba iyelenqe. Kuba ngo-Disemba 1993, iJowers yanika iinkcukacha zelenqe elibandakanya i-mafia, i-FBI kunye norhulumente waseMelika wokubulala uKumkani. Jowers xa kuvavanywa ityala ufunyanwa enetyala.
- Emva kwenkqubo, usapho lwaseKing ligqibe kwelokuba uRay ebengenguye umbulali.
- Ngo-2000, iSebe lezoBulungisa lagqiba uphando kwiingxelo zeJowers, kungekho bungqina bokubonisa iyelenqe.
Siyakumema ukuba udibane nenye inkokheli yama-American Christian, engena apha: UCharles stanley: I-Biography, uMphathiswa kunye nokunye okuninzi.
