Ngethafa laseGiza njengendawo yangasemva, iMyuziyam eNkulu yaseJiphutha ijongene nokuvulwa kweziko, umsitho lowo iphawula inyathelo elibalulekileyo kwi ilifa lefaronic ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, amabhongo, kunye nokufikelela kumazwe ngamazwe.
I-complex, kunye noyilo lwayo lwangoku kwaye ibekwe kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kwiiphiramidi, iya kuhlala malunga ne-100.000 yamacandelo Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo waseYiputaenamagumbi ayilwe ukuze into nganye "ukuphefumla" kunye nengxelo ethatha iwaka lembali yeNayile.
Ivula nini kwaye ukuvulwa kuya kuqhubeka njani?
Umsitho wokuvula ucwangciselwe i 1 ngoNovembangomsitho osemthethweni kunye ne-blitz yeendaba ezibandakanya usasazo oluphilayo kunye nezikrini kwizikwere zaseYiputa, ngelixa i Ukufikelela kuluntu ngokubanzi kuya kuqalisa ngomhla wesine kuNovemba..
Abasemagunyeni balungiselele inkqubo yeentsuku ezintathu, kunye ne-1 kaNovemba ibhengeze iholide yelizwe eYiputa, kwaye Ukugubungela ihlabathi jikelele kumaqonga edijithali ukusondeza umsitho kubaphulaphuli kwihlabathi liphela.
Le projekthi iza emva kokuvulwa kancinci ngo-2024 okwavumela abatyeleli ukuba bajonge ezinye iigalari, ngaphambi kokuvalwa okwethutyana ngo-Okthobha walo nyaka ukugqibezela iinkcukacha zokuvulwa okukhulu kunye ukugqibezela ukudityaniswa kweendibano zomfuziselo.
Imyuziyam yenzelwe ukusebenza njenge hub yenkcubeko kunye nabakhenkethi, kunye nezicwangciso zokwamkela izigidi zabatyeleli ngonyaka kunye ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo ukusuka kwiinyanga zokuqala emva kwepremiere yayo.
Umbutho ucebisa ukuba ucwangcise utyelelo lwakho kwangaphambili kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala, njengoko a imfuno ephezulu kakhulu yamatikiti ehambelana nokuvula ngokupheleleyo.
Ubukho bamazwe ngamazwe: gxila eYurophu naseSpain
Ukubakho kwe Uninzi lweentloko zamazwe kunye neenkokheli zehlabathi, kunye nenxaxheba evelele kakhulu yaseYurophu ebandakanya, phakathi kwabanye, abameli abavela eJamani, ePortugal, eGrisi, eHungary, eBelgium, eNetherlands, eLuxembourg, eFransi, e-United Kingdom, eSwitzerland, kumazwe aseNordic kunye ne-Holy See.
Kwinqanaba leNdlu yasebukhosini, abathunywa abavela kumazwe aliqela baya kuzimasa, kubandakanya ukumelwa kosapho lwasebukhosini lwaseSpain, kunye neBelgium kunye neDenmark, phakathi kwabanye, ukugqamisa inkcubeko kunye nediplomatic yesiganeko.
Umbutho ugxininisa ukuba ubukho obubanzi baseYurophu kunye neMeditera "buqinisa ubudlelwane bembali" kunye neYiputa kunye ibeka imyuziyam njengebhulorho phakathi kweenkcubeko, enefuthe elithe ngqo kukhenketho kunye nentsebenziswano kwezemfundo.
Lo mnyhadala uza kubandakanya imibutho yengingqi kunye neyehlabathi, kwisenzo iJiphutha esitolika njenge inkxaso kwindima yayo yenkcubeko neyobuntu kwingingqi.
Iprothokholi esemthethweni iya kuncediswa lusasazo olubukhoma lweYurophu, kunye nosasazo olukhethekileyo eSpain kunye nomthombo ophambili weemarike zokhenketho lwenkcubeko. ukuthanda ukubonakala kwepremiere.
Oko undwendwe luya kufumana
I-GEM iya kubonisa okokuqala ngendlela ebanzi Ubuncwane bukaTutankhamun, enezinto ezingaphezu kwama-5.000-ezimalunga nama-5.400 ezidweliswe kwiikhathalogu-ukusuka kwingcwaba elafunyanwa nguHoward Carter ngo-1922, ukusuka kwisigqubuthelo somfanekiso wegolide ukuya kwifanitshala kunye nezacholo.
KwiHolo Elikhulu, undwendwe lubuliswa IColossus yeRamses II, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo omalunga neemitha ezili-12 ubude kunye neminyaka engaphezu kwama-3.200 ubudala noye waba ngumfuziselo wale myuziyam intsha.
Phakathi kweziqwenga ezikhethekileyo, oku kulandelayo kuyabonakala: Isikhephe selanga seCheops kunye nendlela yemifanekiso eqingqiweyo emikhulu kunye nemizobo encokola ne-obelisk enqunyanyisiweyo kunye ne-Grand Staircase, eyenzelwe ukwazisa uluntu ukuba amava okuntywila.
I-Egyptologists igxininisa ukuba imyuziyam iya kuvumela iindwendwe ukuba zijonge iiseti ezipheleleyo kunye nolandelelwano olucacileyo, into leyo kwandisa ixabiso lemfundo yengxelo echazayo.
Nangona iziqwenga ze-iconic ezifana neRosetta Stone okanye i-bust ye-Nefertiti zihlala ngaphandle kwelizwe, ingqokelela ye-GEM inikezela imbonakalo yepanorama engazange ibonwe ngaphambili yaseYiputa kaFaro.
Imilinganiselo, umthamo kunye noyilo
I-complex ithatha malunga 480.000 m²Ngokumalunga nama-85.000 m² wendawo yomboniso nangaphezulu kwe-160.000 m² yendawo eyakhiweyo, amanani ayibeka phakathi kwawona maziko olondolozo lwembali makhulu ehlabathini ngokommandla.
Isakhiwo, esenziwe ngemigca yeli xesha kunye nezinto ezingaphantsi, zisebenzisa ukukhanya kwendalo kunye ulungelelwaniso olubonakalayo kunye neephiramidi, ukuqinisa ubudlelwane bomzimba kunye nomfuziselo kunye ne-plateau yaseGiza.
Umthamo wokusebenza ujikeleze Abantu abayi-15.000 ngeminikunye neendawo ezijikelezayo ezibanzi, iisilingi eziphezulu kunye neendlela zokuhamba eziququzelela ukuhamba kweendwendwe ngaphandle kokuncama ukucinga ngokukhululekileyo kweengcezu.
Ukongeza kwiigalari ezisisigxina, imyuziyam ibandakanya iindawo zemiboniso yethutyana, iiholo, kunye iindawo zemfundo kubaphulaphuli ngokubanzi nabasesikolweni.
Amava eendwendwe athathwa njenge "uhambo lwezinto zakudala" ukusuka ekungeneni kumagumbi amakhulu, a umboniso wemyuziyam efuna ulungelelwano phakathi kweemvakalelo kunye nobungqongqo.
Iprojekthi ende nebiza imali eninzi
Ibhengezwe ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane, i-GEM idlulile Ukulibaziseka ngenxa yezizathu zoqoqosho nezopolitikoukongeza kwimpembelelo yobhubhane kunye nokungazinzi kwengingqi.
Utyalo-mali luyagqitha ezibhiliyoni zeedola, ubukhulu becala obuhlawulwa yimali-mboleko evela kwi-Arhente yeNtsebenziswano yaMazwe ngaMazwe yase-Japan (i-JICA), kwaye iphunyezwe ngokwezigaba ukuze kufikelelwe kulo mgama ukhoyo ngoku.
Ikhalenda esemthethweni yahlehliswa izihlandlo eziliqela—kuquka unyaka wekhulu lokufunyanwa kukaTutankhamun—de kwamiselwa le yangoku. umhla wokuvula nazo zonke iimfuno zobugcisa nezokhuseleko zihlangatyeziwe.
Urhulumente wase-Egypt injongo echaziweyo kukuqinisa imbonakalo yenkcubeko kunye nokuqinisa ukhenketho, icandelo eliphambili kuqoqosho lwelizwe, kunye noqikelelo izigidi ezihlanu zeendwendwe zonyaka kwixesha eliphakathi.
Ubukhulu beprojekthi kunye nogxininiso lwemisebenzi yobugcisa buthethelela, ngokutsho kwabasemagunyeni, i ukuzibophelela kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kujongwe ukugqitywa kwayo.
Uphando lwaseYiputa, ulondolozo, kunye nobunkokeli
Ngaphaya kwamagumbi okufundela, iGEM idibanisa iilebhu ze ugcino lwereferensi kummandla, eyenzelwe uphando, ukubuyisela kunye noqeqesho lweengcali.
Amazwi aphambili kwi-archeology yase-Egypt anyanzelisa ukuba oku kuvulwa kuphinda kuqinisekise ubunkokeli bendawo ekugrunjweni nasekufundeni ilifa lemveli, kunye amaqela esizwe akhokele yeeprojekthi ezicwangcisiweyo.
Kuqikelelwa ukuba inxalenye enkulu yelizwe laseYiputa lisalele phantsi kwesanti, nto leyo eyenza imyuziyam ibe sisiseko semisebenzi iziphumo ezintsha kunye nezifundo kumashumi eminyaka ezayo.
Eli ziko lijolise ekudibaniseni abemi ngokutsha kunye nemvelaphi yabo yezembali kunye neprojekthi yenkcubeko yelizwe ngaphaya kwemida yalo, ngokusebenzisana Iiyunivesithi zaseYurophu kunye neemyuziyam.
Umsebenzi wenzululwazi ulungelelaniswe ngokwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yokukhusela, ukugcinwa kwedijithali kunye ukufikelela kwingqokelela kubaphandi.
Amatikiti kunye nokufikelela
Imyuziyam isebenzisa amaxabiso ahlukeneyo: kumaJiphutha ixabiso ngokubanzi 200 yeeponti zaseYiputa, ngelixa iindwendwe zangaphandle zilingana 1.200 iiphawundi, kunye nokwahluka okunokwenzeka ngokuxhomekeke kwizithuba okanye imisebenzi.
Uyilo lweendawo zokufikelela, iindlela, kunye neenkonzo zenzelwe ukuququzelela ukuhlala kondwendwe, oya kufumana ulwazi lweelwimi ezininzi kunye nokhathalelo olulodwa.
Kucetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane namajelo asemthethweni phambi kokuba uhambe ukuze uqinisekise iishedyuli, uphumelele ukufumaneka, kunye imigaqo-nkqubo yezakhono kwiiveki zokuqala.
Ii-arhente zaseYurophu zibandakanyile i-GEM kukhenketho lwazo lwaseYiphutha, ngomdla okhethekileyo ovela eSpain, eFransi, eItali naseJamani, apho ukuhlalwa kwabantu okuphezulu kulindeleke ngexesha eliphezulu.
Uqhagamshelo lomoya kunye neepakethe ezidityanisiweyo kunye neLuxor kunye ne-Aswan ziphucula isibheno sokuhlala oko ukufumana ixesha eCairo enkosi kwimyuziyam entsha.
Ukuvulwa kweMyuziyam eNkulu yaseYiputa kuqaqambisa amashumi eminyaka omsebenzi wokuqokelela, ukufunda, kunye nokubonisa ilifa le-pharaonic kwinqanaba elinye elingazange libonwe ngaphambili; ngomsitho wamazwe ngamazwe okumgangatho ophezulu, ingxelo yomboniso ebuyisela uTutankhamun kunye noRamses II, kunye nokugxininisa ngokucacileyo kuphando kunye nokhenketho lwenkcubeko, iGEM ilungele ukuba iziko lemithambo-luvo yobugcisa baseYiputa kubakhenkethi abavela eYurophu, eSpain nakwihlabathi liphela.
