Ikarati luqeqesho lwasempuma lwemvelaphi yaseTshayina nangona yavela kumhlaba waseJapan., ngoko ke idibanisa zombini iinkcubeko. "Ikarati" ivela kwigama lesiJapan elithi "ikarati" ngokoqobo elithetha “isandla esingenanto” (kara: engenanto kwaye te: isandla) ukusukela Isekelwe ekuphunyezweni kothotho lwezithonga ezichanekileyo ngamanqindi (iikatas). Ngumdlalo wokulwa owathi wathandwa kakhulu xa wawubandakanywa kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseTokyo ngo-2020.
Umfundi wekarati okanye ikarati uya kunyukela kwimfundo yakhe ngothotho lwamanqanaba okanye izidanga (obhi) ezifanekiselwa ngemibala eyahlukeneyo kwiibhanti zesinxibo wekarati. Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into malunga imibala yamabhanti wekarati kunye nentsingiselo yawo ukuze uqonde ukuba injani inkqubela ngolu qeqesho.
Yintoni ikarati?
IKarati Bubugcisa bokulwa obuvela eTshayina. (nangona yavela eJapan) ngokusekelwe kuluhlu lweendlela ezijoliswe ekwandiseni amandla omzimba kunye namandla ngokusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwezinye iintlobo zokubethelwa kokulawula (katas).
"Ikarati" inemvelaphi kwigama lesiJapan karate, ngokoqobo kuthetha "isandla esingenanto" (kara: engenanto kwaye te: isandla) kwaye oku kunjalo ngenxa yobuchule obubonakalisa kuye, ngokusekelwe ekubetheni emoyeni "ngesandla esingenanto", ekubeni inqindi edibeneyo ayinanto, "umoya kuphela". Kwaye njengoko isaziwa sisininzi esinokubakho, umntu oyenzayo waziwa ngokuba "ngumlweli wekarati".
Ikarati yinkqubo yobugcisa neyomoya
Njengalo naluphi na uqeqesho lwamandulo, ukuziqhelanisa kwakhe kudlulela ngaphaya kokusebenza kobugcisa kuphela, igcina umlinganiselo wokomoya ophelelisa intsingiselo yawo. Ikarati, iqondwa kakuhle kwimvelaphi yayo, yindlela yobomi nokukhula komntu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, imbali yayo inde kwaye idlule kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo apho ivele khona, ivelisa iindlela ezininzi (Shotokan Karate, Shitoryu, Goju Ryu, Kyokushin, Kenpo Karate kunye nexesha elide njl.
Ngoko ke, ikarati ayinakuchazwa ngokobuchwepheshe njengomdlalo kuba intsingiselo yawo ibanzi ngakumbi. Nangona kwihlabathi lasentshona ifakwe "njengomdlalo" kuba umkhuba wayo ugxile kakhulu kwimiba yobugcisa. Ngapha koko, yayinokungena kwayo njengomdlalo kwiiOlimpiki zaseTokyo zowama-2020.
Ikarati bubugcisa bokulwa obulungiselela umfundi ukulwa kunye nokusetyenziswa okuchanekileyo kobuchule okanye kion kufuna uqeqesho olungqongqo edibanisa umsebenzi kumandla, ukulinganisela, ukulungelelanisa, ukuqina kunye nesantya.
Uphawu lolu hlobo lokulwa kukuba-ngokungafaniyo nabanye- ifuna "ukugcina amandla" ngokuchaneka kwemivumbo, endaweni yokusebenzisa ulandelelwano olude lweempembelelo ezikhawulezayo njengoko kwenzeka kwamanye amacandelo, umzekelo umdlalo wamanqindi. Ngamanye amazwi, imalunga nokusebenzisa ngobulumko amandla omzimba, oko amaTshayina akubiza ngokuba yi chi o Qi yintoni na "i amandla obomi" o "ukuhamba kwamandla obomi". Ingamandla angcwele, yingakho ifuna ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kunye nokugxila okufanelekileyo, kule meko ngokubetha ngokuchanekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela yi "umlo wokomoya" ongundoqo ukude nalo lonke ubundlobongela.
ukufunda ikarati
Ikarati luqeqesho olunokuhlala ubomi bonke (nangona amanqanaba okuqala efikelelwa lula kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuziqhelanisa) kwaye ukufunda kwabo kwahlulahlulwe kuluhlu lwamanqanaba okanye amabakala (ubomi) apho umfundi aya kunyuka ngokwendalo yakhe. Ukunyuselwa kwinqanaba elitsha kuya kuvavanywa liqumrhu labachopheli-tyala elivavanya indlela aqhuba ngayo umfundi.
Ukwazi ukuba yiyiphi inqanaba le-karate fighter, kukho imibala eyahlukeneyo yamabhanti eengubo zokulwa. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, siza kuthetha imibala yeebhanti zekarati kunye nentsingiselo yazo.
Imibala yeebhanti zekarati kunye nentsingiselo yazo
Ikarati yangoku ilinganisa umgangatho wekarati u obhi ngenkqubo yamabhanti anemibala esiyaziyo sonke. Kodwa ukuze uqonde ukuba olu luhlu lusekwe njani, kuyafuneka ukwazi ukuba inqanaba lokufunda lakhiwe njani kolu qeqesho.
Kwaye oko izidanga kwikarati zohlulwe zaba iindidi ezimbini: kwelinye icala kukho isikali esisisiseko, esihambelana nekarati encinci okanye inkqubo kyu, kwaye kwelinye, isikali sobuchule okanye inkqubo Dan. Kwinkqubo nganye sifumana amanqanaba ali-10 okanye i-10 obhi ngemiyalelo ebuyela umva: oko kukuthi, ngelixa ukwinkqubo kyu, elona nqanaba lisisiseko yi obhi I-10 ehambelana nebhanti emhlophe (apho umfundi ngamnye aqala ngayo), kwinkqubo kaDan, i-10 iya kuba obhi kobona buchule buphezulu (kwaye bambalwa kakhulu abantu abafikelelayo).
Lo nto, xa umlo wekarati ugqiba onke amanqanaba kyu kwaye ifikelela ibhanti elimnyama okanye kuqala Dan, wayeza kuqalisa inqanaba lokuba ngumdlali wekarati kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo Dan. Ngoko ke, oko kuthetha ukuba ibhanti elimnyama -kude kwinto ekholelwa kakhulu- ayisosiphelo sokuqhelisela ikarati, ngokuchaseneyo, sisiqalo kuphela: ukusuka apho ungaqala umendo omde wokuphucula ude ufikelele kubuchule obuphezulu okanye ishumi. Dan.
Nangona isikali sombala weebhanti zekarati silandela ipatheni yemibala engaphezulu okanye engaphantsi, Sinokufumana ezinye iinguqulelo ngokuxhomekeke kwisimbo wekarati kunye nemithetho esekwe yi dojo kunye nemibutho yelizwe ngalinye. Ngokomzekelo, yena kata kunye kumite (izimbo ezibini ezidumileyo zekarati) zinokuba nolandelelwano olwahlukileyo kyu, ngoko ke obhi banokumelwa ngemibala eyahlukeneyo kwiibhanti zabo.
Imibala yamabhanti wekarati ibonisa inqanaba u obhi Umlweli wekarati
Kwinkqubo kyu okanye ikarati encinci, Abadlali bekarati abaqalayo baqala ngebhanti elimhlophe. (umgangatho ophantsi) kwaye ngokuqhubekayo kuyo yonke imibala ide ifikelele kumdaka (inqanaba eliphezulu kyu) kwaye ekugqibeleni kumnyama (Ekuqaleni Dan).
Emva kokuba ufikelele kwibhanti elimnyama (ukugqibelela) okanye kuqala Dan, uya kuqhubela phambili ngokulandelelana ngokusebenzisa amanqanaba alandelayo kude kube ngoweshumi okanye wokugqibela Dan (ngubani ofikayo). Kwinkqubo Dan Los obhi inokwahluka ngombala ngokuxhomekeke kwi dojo khokela umkhuba.
Ke ngoko, into esiya kubonisa ngokulandelayo iya kuba nemibala ye obhi ehambelana nolandelelwano kyu, koko kukuthi, imibala ye amabhanti ekarati aziwayo. Umbala ngamnye awumeleli a obhi kodwa kunye nesimboli (yobugcisa kunye neyomoya) yezinga lokufunda:
- Mhlophe: yiyo Ishumi kyu kwaye imele i ubunyulu. Iimpawu ukuqala kwe inguqu.
- Amarillo: Ingaba i ukukhanya kwaye ifuzisela i umanyano okanye umanyano, kunye nokukhangela.
- Orenji: ngumbala we amandla kwaye imele i khu seleko, ukuthanda kunye neemvakalelo zokufunda.
- Luhlaza: eluhlaza yi esperanza oko kumema ukucamngca kunye nokuphumla kwaye kufanekisela ukukhula kunye nokulinganisela.
- Luhlaza: imele ukuvumelana kwaye ifanekisela inkohliso kunye ne ukuzithemba ukuphumeza inkqubela.
- Ntsundu: yiyo kuqala kyu kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu kwesi sikali. Ihambelana nokuguquka kwenkqubela phambili yomfundi, apho edlula khona kwinkqubo kyu Kwinkqubo Dan. ibonisa ubukrelekrele, ukuqina kunye nokwenza kunye nokwenza nzulu kobuntu bakhe.
- Omnyama: yiyo kuqala Dan (Imfezeko) wenyuka waya kweleshumi kwaDan. Abanye dojo yenza umahluko nge imigca emhlophe okanye ebomvu okanye iphela emabhantini yeli nqanaba. Kweli nqanaba, uqeqesho lomfundi lujongwa luhambele phambili ngokwaneleyo ukuba luqalise uqeqesho olongezelelekileyo kwinqanaba le-master okanye Dan.
Ngokuqhelekileyo lo ngumyalelo wokuba i obhi kunye nombala webhanti ehambelana nayo, kodwa ezinye izikolo ziquka imibala emininzi okanye indibaniselwano kwaye le yindlela esinokuyifumana ngayo, umzekelo, imfusa emva kwebhlowu nangaphambi kokuba ibe mdaka.
Kulo ikarati yomntwana kuqhelekile ukufumana amabhanti anemibala enemigca endaweni yombala omnye weyunifomu njengakwikarati yabantu abadala. Iindibaniselwano zinokwahluka kakhulu (mhlophe-tyheli, tyheli-orenji, iorenji-luhlaza, luhlaza-blowu kunye nobhlowu-mdaka) kwaye ngokusisiseko Indlela yokugcina abantwana benomdla.