I-Tarahumaras ichaza enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zobugcisa eMexico, inkuthazo ethathwe kwindalo kunye nokubonakaliswa kweenkolelo zabo, yenza imisebenzi yabo yezandla ecokisekileyo nebalaseleyo ibe ngumsebenzi ofanele ukunconywa. Ngeli nqaku, siyakumema ukuba ufunde ngakumbi malunga Tarahumara imisebenzi yezandla.
Imiba ngokubanzi yeTarahumara Crafts
Ngokubanzi, ukuveliswa kwezi zandla zezandla kwenzeka xa kuluntu lweTarahumara imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla efuna umgudu omkhulu igqityiwe, ngaphezu kokuba yinxalenye yokuphila kwabo, njengoku: ukutyala, ukuhamba kwamanzi, ukuzingela okanye ukuzingela. impilo.
Ukwenziwa kwale misebenzi yezandla kunxulumene kakhulu nezithethe namasiko ookhokho; Ukuphefumlelwa koku kuthathwa ngokuyintloko kwindawo yayo yendalo eSierras de Tarahumara kunye neenkolelo kunye namava ayo. Kungoko lo msebenzi uqhagamshelwe ngokuyintloko ekuhlonelweni kwelanga, uncedisana neemfuno zemihla ngemihla kunye nemikhosi eyahlukeneyo eyenziwa yile nkcubeko, yile ndlela into nganye inendima echazwe ngayo ebomini babo.
Izinto ezenza ubugcisa babo zihluke kakhulu, phakathi kwazo sinokubona: iibhasikiti ezilukiweyo, iiseramics ezinoyilo oluntsonkothileyo lwejometri, iingubo, oonodoli, kunye nezixhobo zomculo eziqingqwe ngomthi. Zonke ezi zimelwe, zineenkcukacha ezicokisekileyo nezifihlakeleyo, kwaye zinomboniso omkhulu kuba uninzi lwazo ziqulethwe nemibala eyahlukeneyo.
Kutshanje, ukuthengiswa kwemisebenzi yezandla zeTarahumara kuye kwasebenza njengenxalenye yesondlo solu hlanga lwabantu, apho bafuna ukugubungela iimfuno zabo ezisisiseko (ukutya, impilo, phakathi kwabanye). Yiyo loo nto beye bazama ukusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthengisa iimveliso zabo, mva nje behamba nge-intanethi.
Ngokufanayo, le misebenzi yezandla yeTarahumara inokubonwa kwaye ifunyenwe ngabatyeleli kunye nabahlali kwizixeko ezisenyakatho yeMexico (iCreel, iCarichí, iBatopilas, iGuachochi kunye neBocoyna), ezona ndawo zisondeleyo apho olu hlanga luhlanga.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeTarahumara Crafts
Izinto ezisetyenziselwe ukudala ubugcisa bolu luntu lomthonyama, zinomdla, njengakwezinye iinkcubeko, zokuba ngumsebenzi olungiselelwe kakuhle kunye neeyure ezongeziweyo zokubulawa, ukunika njengeenxalenye zegalelo lokugqibela ngobuhle obukhulu kunye neenkcukacha ezicokisekileyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusebenza kobugcisa kwahlulwa ngokwesini. Abasetyhini baseTarahumara bahlala besebenza ngodongwe, iingobozi ezilukiweyo zesundu kunye namalaphu. Ngelixa amadoda ehlala esebenza ngokukrola umthi, apho adala izixhobo zomculo, amathoyizi kunye nabanye; kwaye bathatha inxaxheba kwinxalenye ye-textile, ngokukodwa ekucacisweni kweengubo, into ebaluleke kakhulu yeli qela lomthonyama; Phakathi kwezona zinto ziqhelekileyo zobugcisa babantu baseTarahumara, sinazo:
Izitya
Isinxibo ngasinye esinxitywe yiTarahumaras senziwe ngesandla, ngokuqhelekileyo sisebenzisa ilaphu lomqhaphu elimibalabala kunye noyilo olumangalisayo. Awona malungu anobugocigoci zezi: iihempe, izikhafu neziketi; ukongeza ekwenzeni iingubo ezenziwe ngezandla, ezinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yaba bantu bomthonyama.
Iidloli
Le yinto yemveli kakhulu yale nkcubeko, ezi ngoonodoli ezenziwe ngomthi wepine ezenza zihlale ixesha elide, kunye nelaphu ukwenza iimpahla zabo. Ekuqaleni zazisetyenziswa ngamantombazana njengento yokudlala, nangona kunjalo, ezi zibe yinxalenye yokumelwa kwenkcubeko yabo kuba ibonisa isimntwiso somthonyama waseTarahumara.
Ibhasikithi
AbakwaTarahumara basebenzisa inkqubo efanayo nezalamane zabo zamandulo zokuluka ngesandla ngamagqabi esundu, iingcongolo okanye umpayini; Olu hlobo lobugcisa bunobuchwephesha obunokuthi bugcine ubutsha obutsha kunye nendalo ixesha elide, lunesiphelo esihle kakhulu kodwa sinesitayile semveli kwaye sikwabonelela ngokuzinzileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Phakathi kwezinto ezicacileyo zisebenzisa obu buchule, kukho: iibhasikithi, isifuba, iivasi, iiplate, iingxowa kunye nabanye.
Udongwe
Ngenye yezinto ezimele kakhulu kule dolophu, kule ndalo ayikho ipateni ephindaphindiweyo ngenxa yokuba zonke zenziwe ngesandla, ezibenza zibe ziqwenga ezixabisekileyo kunye ezikhethekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zisetyenzwa nge-ocher, obomvu, izitena, ezimnyama, imibala emdaka ehlotshiswe ngeenkcukacha zamanani ejometri.
Phakathi kweengcezu ezenziwe ngobu buchule bobugcisa zezi: iimbiza, iivasi, iikomityi, iimbiza kunye nezinye izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ezinobungakanani obuhlukeneyo; nakwiimeko ezininzi ezi zinokuncediswa ngemihombiso yeeribhoni okanye ngesikhumba.
Ukuchwela
Ukusebenzisa izinto zendalo ezifana nemithi efunyenwe kumjunipha, i-oki kunye nomthi we-strawberry, benza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezifana namathoyizi, ifenitshala, i-molds kunye nokubonakaliswa kwabantu, izitya zasekhitshini, phakathi kwabanye.
Izixhobo zomculo
Ukusebenzisa i-pine, i-oyamel okanye i-fir wood njengento eluhlaza, bayakwazi ukwenza izixhobo zomculo ezifana ne-violin, iigubhu kunye neehadi; ezithi ekugqibeleni zihonjiswe nge-silhouette yeemaski okanye izilwanyana.
Ukuba ufumene eli nqaku leMisebenzi yeTarahumaras enomdla, siyakumema ukuba wonwabele ezi ezinye: